Which of the following is NOT a type of unemployment?

Planned unemployment is not recognized as a formal category of unemployment in economic terminology. The other types of unemployment—frictional, structural, and cyclical—each describe specific situations in the labor market.

Frictional unemployment occurs when individuals are temporarily unemployed while transitioning between jobs or entering the workforce for the first time. This type reflects the time it takes for people to match with employers who have suitable job openings, which is a normal and often unavoidable aspect of the job market.

Structural unemployment arises from changes in the economy that create a mismatch between the skills that workers possess and the skills that are in demand. This can happen due to technological advancements, changes in consumer preferences, or shifts in industries.

Cyclical unemployment is linked to the economic cycle and occurs during periods of economic downturn or recession. As demand for goods and services decreases, companies may reduce their workforce, leading to higher unemployment rates.

In contrast, the term "planned unemployment" doesn't denote a specific kind of unemployment recognized by economists. It might imply a scenario where joblessness is intended or predetermined, which is not a standard measure or classification in labor economics.