Which of the following allocation strategies does NOT involve competition among recipients?

The allocation strategy that does not involve competition among recipients is identified correctly. A lottery system allows for the random distribution of resources or opportunities, making it a non-competitive method. In a lottery, all participants have an equal chance of receiving the benefit, regardless of their actions or when they enter the lottery. This randomness eliminates the notion of competing against others, as the allocation is purely based on chance rather than effort or timing.

In contrast, other strategies such as "first come, first served" inherently involve competition, as individuals must act quickly to secure resources, creating a competitive dynamic based on timing and demand. Authority allocations can introduce competition depending on how authorities distribute resources, and force suggests a coercive method where resources are taken rather than allocated through any fair or equitable mechanism. Therefore, the lottery is distinctly non-competitive, as allocation relies on random selection rather than any form of rivalry.