What process involves taking tax money from one group and giving it to another?

The process of taking tax money from one group and giving it to another is known as income redistribution. This concept is rooted in the idea that the government collects taxes primarily from individuals and corporations, often those with higher incomes, to provide financial assistance and services to other individuals or groups, particularly those with lower incomes. The objective behind income redistribution is to reduce income inequality and provide a social safety net, ensuring that basic needs such as healthcare, education, and welfare are met for all citizens.

Economic growth refers to an increase in the production of goods and services over time, measured by gross domestic product (GDP), and does not focus on how money is transferred between groups. Market power pertains to a firm's ability to influence the price of goods or services in the market, often due to a lack of competition, while productivity measures the efficiency of production, usually defined as the ratio of outputs to inputs in the economy. None of these concepts involves the redistribution of income from one group to another through taxes. Therefore, income redistribution is the most fitting term for the process described in the question.