What allocation strategy is based on individual characteristics such as merit or need?

The allocation strategy that is based on individual characteristics such as merit or need is referred to as personal characteristics. This approach emphasizes the evaluation of individuals based on their unique traits, circumstances, or contributions. For example, in a merit-based system, resources, opportunities, or rewards are distributed according to the accomplishments, skills, or performance of individuals. Similarly, need-based allocation focuses on distributing resources to those who require assistance the most, ensuring that support is directed where it is most beneficial.

This strategy is important in various contexts, such as education, employment, and public assistance programs, where the aim is to create fairer outcomes by recognizing and addressing the diverse needs and qualities of individuals within a society. By emphasizing personal characteristics, the allocation decision becomes more nuanced and tailored, allowing for a more equitable distribution that seeks to empower individuals based on their specific situations or capabilities.