What allocation method is characterized by distributing resources based on established criteria rather than random chance?

The allocation method described is one where resources are distributed according to specific, established criteria, which ensures that the distribution is systematic and organized, rather than arbitrary or based on luck. This approach leverages quantifiable or qualitative standards to determine who receives the resources and in what quantity, fostering fairness and accountability in the process.

Distributing resources according to personal characteristics can be essential in contexts where certain traits or qualifications are pertinent to the allocation of resources. For example, in job placement scenarios, resources like employment opportunities may be allocated based on relevant skills, experience, or educational background, allowing for a more merit-based distribution.

In contrast, other allocation methods like first come, first served or authority rely on sequential access or the decisions of a central figure, respectively, which may not guarantee equitable distribution based on merit. Majority rule focuses on the preferences of the largest group without taking individual qualifications into account. Each of these methods does not necessarily establish criteria that guide the allocation process as effectively as a system based on personal characteristics.